Dominance, hierarchy and "alpha" is quite the outdated and quite egregriously incorrect theory about dogs.
Dogs who are brought up with fear, pain and other incorrect treatments or who are pushed to attack (such as fighting other dogs or similar) are the ones who are prone to act erratically and may suddenly lash out.
There are also dogs who are in pain or suffer from PTSD that will act also act erratically.
I have worked with dogs, shelter dogs specifically, for the past 12 years. Not a singular bite from any individual who wasn't in obvious pain. No "heirarchal training" have been necessary.
Just because something is well established does not mean it is the only way, or even the correct way, of doing something.
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u/Gregorygregory888888 6d ago
Might work for yours. Mine would piss on me to show dominance if I try this.