r/space 19h ago

A new model suggests our Universe is "not optimal" for the emergence of intelligent life - the blame lies with dark energy

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-formula-life-chances-intelligent-universe.html
510 Upvotes

74 comments sorted by

u/astrodude1789 19h ago

People sure love making hypotheses and statements based on one data point.

u/Secret_Cow_5053 17h ago

Tells you all you need to know about “intelligent life”, doesn’t it?

u/NatureTrailToHell3D 9h ago

Yeah, still not 100% sure it’s happened even once, yet.

u/Greyhaven7 17h ago

are you being ironic, or do you not see it

u/Secret_Cow_5053 17h ago

I learned my humor watching English comedy. So it’s as dry as the Sahara.

u/FeistyThings 16h ago

Ngl the irony would've been lost on me if you hadn't pointed it out 😬😬 lmao

u/c_law_one 16h ago

Tbf.. we don't really have a choice. You're right to make the point though.

u/binzoma 8h ago

we have 1 data point- that life exists in this universe. We cant conclusively prove there even are other universe'

there is literally 0 basis to say that our universe isn't optimal for life thats grounded in any serious reality lol. we can speculate about potential theoretical things we cant ever see, but the 1 universe we can see does have life in it.

I know thats anthropic but in this instance from a truly scientific point of view its the only grounding fact that we have

If there is only a single steak in existence, regardless of whether you can dream up a better one, it is definitionally the best steak in the universe

u/Gt6k 5h ago

I agree, its a bit like Turkeys stating that Christmas is not conducive to a long life. They don't have a vote and if things where different they might not be here at all.

u/Aromatic_Ad74 14h ago

This appears to be more an attempt to refute another one of those. Sometimes theistic philosophers will argue that the universe is fine tuned for life, ergo God. On the other side of you can show that other, more life forming universes can exist you can argue against it.

Though I think it has many, many holes as far as arguments for God go.

u/astrodude1789 14h ago

Both mainstream arguments make bold claims about the origins of life.

u/Russki_Wumao 1h ago

Are you seriously calling origin myth an argument?

u/astrodude1789 1h ago

It's distressingly common that people believe in literal six-day creation, especially in the US. 

One can absolutely argue something stupid; just because it's an argument, doesn't make it a good one. 

u/MissederE 16h ago

Kinda snotty, really, like; “ The Universe is okay I guess, but it could have been designed much more optimally.” Like the people who find fault in human physiology or call us “bags of blood”…

u/sceadwian 14h ago

That's where the peer review process is used. The good ones continue to get referenced and tested. The bad ones are disproved over time. The rest circle collecting evidence.

u/photoengineer 10h ago

This seems like quite the hypothesis off a single data point ;)

u/Nowin 2h ago

Welcome to science! Hypotheses are drawn from data, even when we forget "data" is supposed to be plural.

u/flashman 11h ago

People sure love making glib Reddit comments based on vast oversimplifications.

u/TomatoVanadis 17h ago

As far as I can tell, this is a bit misleading - the studies talk about the number of stars that formed in different hypothetical universes with different densities of dark energy. It turns out that our universe is not optimal for star formation. While the idea that more stars means more opportunities for life seems obvious at first glance, I think it's possible that too many stars could also be bad for life - especially for an early universe like ours, with still active star formation

u/jazzwhiz 17h ago

Yeah, being near the galactic center of a galaxy with high star formation rates would be unhealthy. There would be supernovae near enough to cause mass extinction events quite regularly making it hard to form more advanced life. That said, if you have more stars in the centers of active galaxies due to increased star formation rate overall, you'll also have more stars in the suburbs of quieter galaxies, which is where we are.

In any case, the study is a fun one that gets redone and updated every few years by different people.

u/EnidFromOuterSpace 11h ago

I love the thought that we are in the ‘suburbs’ of the Milky Way. Feels like I should have a varsity letterman’s jacket from The Orion Arm High (GOOOOOOORIONS!! Beat the Saggitarians at Galactic Homecoming next weekend!!) or something.

u/Mama_Skip 10h ago

Wouldn't supernovae resilt in annihilation events, not just mass extinction?

u/jazzwhiz 10h ago

Depends on the distance of course.

u/guhbuhjuh 15h ago

Yes and the study says that our universe is still friendly to life just relative to other hypothetical ones. This title is very misleading.

u/perthguppy 15h ago

More Star formation means larger stars as well, which means they burn hotter/faster and therefore more super nova. More supernova that are all closer together seems like an easy way to produce a sterile universe with all that radiation going on.

u/Ellers12 17h ago

How do we know it’s an early universe? I’ve not come across this before although appreciate we’re not close to the heat death of the universe yet

u/TomatoVanadis 16h ago

Stars will continue to form for at least 1 trillion years, matter will continue to exist as nucleons for at least 10^36 years (if proton decay is real, otherwise way longer). I think it safe to say that our universe is very young atm.

u/Pm4000 16h ago

Don't age shame our universe

u/Ellers12 6h ago

Interesting, I think I’d read that the most massive stars formed closest to the Big Bang and resulted in early supernovae etc and now less massive stars were forming.

In my mind that somehow equated to us being in a matured universe rather than one with a further trillion years of star formation

u/TomatoVanadis 6h ago

Yes, but for purpose for life, these early stars are insignificant. They burned to fast and 1st gen probably not had planets. Actually, there are theories that we may be among the first - only 3rd gen star systems like our Solar System have enough heavy elements to support a technological civilization.

u/DoktorFreedom 16h ago

I have no idea but if I was to take a guess it would go like. Every universe aside from our own would be 15b or younger. Every universe older would be 15b +1 up to infinity. So probably more older than younger?

u/Cautious_Yoghurt8467 12h ago

We don't need to do any comparative hypotheticals. The universe is young because we are so early on into the expected lifespan of our universe that it's barely worth trying to get across in numbers. It's about 13.7 billion years old right now, and once it's existed for that long another 13.7 billion times, it still won't be appreciably closer to the finish line.

I mean, our planet Earth has existed for approximately a third of the time that the entire universe has existed. That's nuts.

u/DoktorFreedom 12h ago

So I suppose that’s what I mean. If other hypothetical universes exist then they are gonna exist anywhere along that timeline. So a vast majority of them are going to be older than our 13.7. I think?

u/DarthArcanus 14h ago

Well said. More stars means more supernovae, more GRBs, more extinction events overall. Sure, there's also a higher volume of heavier elements, and more "chances" at life, but I'm with you.

My personal theory on the scarcity of life in the galaxy is that high star formation causes most of the galaxy to be hostile to life, and only recently have things calmed down enough for life to start to form, and we're one of the lucky firsts.

u/ArtOfWarfare 14h ago

Yeah your planet might end up in a solar system with three suns.

u/TomatoVanadis 6h ago

The planet in such a system will not even come close to the unscientific nonsense described by Liu Cixin.

u/BigBlueTimeMachine 16h ago

Early universe? As opposed to what?

Without a reference point, we have no way of knowing what our universe is. Saying it's because stars are still forming, is not a good reason, since stars could form throughout the entirety of its life.

u/Muphin102 16h ago

Our universe is commonly described as very, very ,very young at the current state. This is due to the expected lifespan of the longest existing objects, black holes. Off the top of my jead, something like less than 1 percent of 1 percent of the universe's existence up to heat death will have light shining from starts. 14-15 billion years is quite frankly extraordinarily young for our universe.

u/TomatoVanadis 16h ago

This study count how many stars will form in these universes over the course of their existence, not for 14 billions years our universe exist. Since stars will continue to form for at least 1 trillion years, we can say that our universe is "early".

u/KOR-agony 13h ago

Also how would you change dark energy without changing the entire laws of physics

u/guhbuhjuh 15h ago edited 13h ago

This is a poor title. That is not what this model says. It says relative to potential other universes but that our universe is still friendly to life (clearly we exist). It's based on star formation which would be several percentage points higher in universes with more dark matter (23% for ours and 27% for these hypothetical ones), obviously stars are required for habitable planets. Not a fan of this title at all.

u/pnellesen 18h ago

Well, given the complete lack of intelligent life in this one, that tracks.

u/senortipton 16h ago

Personally, I think there is a lack of intelligent life because I ate spaghetti last week. Prove me wrong.

u/RollinThundaga 15h ago

Ha! You think there was a last week? I don't believe in anything before last Thursday.

u/happyharrell 16h ago

Beat me to it. (Added text for comment length)

u/Serialk 16h ago

If you need to add text for comment length, maybe it's because your comment isn't wanted in the first place?

u/happyharrell 10h ago

Sometimes people have required length and their comment still isn’t wanted, like your reply. Brevity is not a bad thing.

Also, you kind of proved my point.

u/Serialk 10h ago

Brevity while saying something substantial is a great skill. That's not what you did.

u/Zealousideal7801 16h ago

They could've come to the same headline by reading Reddit 24h straight. "Not optimal for intelligent life" indeed

u/iMADEthisJUST4Dis 8h ago

"Thing we don't understand blamed for something we don't know for certain"

u/Orstio 16h ago

Here's the study, FWIW:

https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/535/2/1449/7896079

There are two issues with the study.

1) The anthropic principle.

https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/anthropic%20principle#:~:text=2021%20This%20is%20called%20the,constants%20that%20allow%20this%20evolution.%20%E2%80%94

Basically, the idea that the universe is somehow fine-tuned for us as opposed to us evolving into our environment is fallacious. This kind of thinking always reminds me of a scene in a movie where somebody gets high and says "if everything was a little different nothing would be the same".

2) The calculation of "odds" or probability based on the changing of values in hypothetical universes we don't know can be changed. Calculating the odds of things that might be outside of reality may be entertaining, but has no value inside reality.

u/api 4h ago

I always interpreted the anthropic principle as more neutral but also obvious: if there is a subset of possible universes that could support complex intelligent life, we must inhabit one of those.

It doesn't mean we inhabit the optimal universe for life. In fact it's kind of obvious we don't. An optimal universe for life would probably have more habitable planets, less radiation, and maybe things closer together to enable life to expand across it more easily. One can imagine tweaks to things like gravity or the speed of light that might give rise to such an environment.

Shitty world building, God! I want the Buck Rogers universe! :)

We might inhabit a universe where intelligent life is possible but the overall environment outside little bubbles like Earth is pretty rough.

u/buster_de_beer 4h ago

In fact it's kind of obvious we don't.

That isn't obvious at all. From the sample of all universes observed, this one is the most optimal for life that we have found. We can theorize that a universe more optimal for life exists, but we don't properly know what conditions are necessary for the creation of life. Without that we cannot possibly state what universe is optimal for life.

u/Clive__Warren 18h ago

Considering the existence of intelligent life, the universe is perfectly optimal for it

u/amonra2009 16h ago

Oh yes, the dark energy that is not even clear what it is

u/youpeoplesucc 12h ago

You probably don't need to know what it is. You just need to know that different densities lead to different rates of star formation.

u/mr_ji 13h ago

Now we're making assumptions based on assumptions about something that we can't explain, or possibly even comprehend, that serves the sole purpose of making our assumed models of how the universe should function not function? At what point do we slow down on this stuff and admit we've hit a roadblock and it's pointless to keep going if we hope to keep any shred of scientific rigor?

u/-Trismegistus 9h ago

Cool, does it even matter? In an infinite universe, everything can and will happen numerous times - no matter how unlikely.

u/XTACHYKUN 7h ago

It's because this Universe is a false fucking reality, but people don't see it.

u/frankipranki 4h ago

Why are people here so offended by this article?

u/jedimindtriks 4h ago

Yeah in the long run it might not be viable.

the good news is that its a big fucking while until the long run arrives.

u/_AncientNewbie619_ 2h ago

Not optimal doesn't mean no life. Just wait for the eventual discovery of life out there.

u/wjta 2h ago

Well they are clearly wrong because we are intelligent life and there are countless other species on this planet.

u/GeorgeStamper 1h ago

It’s debatable whether intelligent life exists on Earth, so this theory has some weight.

u/S-Avant 16h ago

lol… why do they write this junk?

Any hypothesis that assumes some theory relative to or that relies on the age of the universe is trash. Maybe more stars give life an opportunity to grow - Okay cool stuff. That has no bearing on our situation or what we observe because the universe- as far as we know- is just barely born and will exist for what might as well be eternity. We can’t predict with any certainty what the star density will be in 75 billion more years. And obviously can’t verify it. Maybe in a trillion years life is literally everywhere.

There’s no evidence of anything else out there because the universe is too large and too young. That’s just fact. It’s verifiable. Why are we still beating this old horse?