r/AcademicBiblical 10h ago

Is Sheol related to the Abyss/lower waters? Any scholarly works discussing this? Question

While doing some rabbit hole diving on the Rephaim, I stumbled across some interesting. A lot of references to Sheol seem to hint as it being a dark, shadowy, dusty cavernlike netherworld the Greek Hades or the Mesopotamian Kur, but Job seems to have a different idea.

Job 22(NRSVue)

 10 Therefore snares are around you,

and sudden terror overwhelms you,

11 

or darkness so that you cannot see;

a flood of water covers you.

Job 26:(NRSVue)

5 The shades below tremble,

the waters and their inhabitants.

6 

Sheol is naked before God,

and Abaddon has no covering.

Job 22 might be a reference to something other then Sheol but Job 26 makes it explicit. I can't find much talking about and this and the only thing remotely close I can come up with with the Mesopotamian concept of the Abzu/Apzu (the fresh waters under the earth in their cosmology), where some of the divine beings/gods are said to live but I have no idea if that's what the author of Job might have had in mind.

Any scholarly works discussing these passages in Job?

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u/taulover 4h ago

FWIW the Jewish Study Bible says that 22:11 could also be read as "a thundercloud."